biological process
process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units
auditory system
sensory system used for hearing
transduction
transfer of genetic information to a bacterium from a bacteriophage, or between bacterial or yeast cells, mediated by a phage vector
bone remodeling
continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral
kinesis
movement or activity of a cell or an organism in response to a stimulus
excitatory postsynaptic potential
process causing temporary increase in postsynaptic potential
receptor potential
biological process
autoregulation
process within many biological systems, resulting from an internal adaptive mechanism that works to adjust (or mitigate) that system's response to stimuli
sperm competition
Any process that contributes to the success of sperm fertilization in multiply-mated females.
cytokinesis
last stage of mitosis and meiosis
long-term depression
activity-dependent reduction in the efficacy of neuronal synapses lasting hours or longer following a long patterned stimulus
evasion of host immune response
Any mechanism of immune avoidance that directly affects the host immune system, e.g. blocking any stage in host MHC class I and II presentation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
inhibition
hindrance of neuron activation
biological interaction
effect that a pair of organisms (intraspecific or interspecific) living together in an ecosystem have on each other
limb development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. Examples include legs, arms or some types of fin.
tissue development
histogenesis
cell death
biological processes that result in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell
reverse transcription
DNA synthesis process that uses RNA as the initial template for synthesis of DNA, but which also includes an RNase activity to remove the RNA strand of an RNA-DNA heteroduplex produced by the RNA-dependent synthesis step and use of the initial DNA
cytolysis
The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.
nucleotide-excision repair
DNA repair mechanism
prenatal development
biological development from fertilization to hatching or birth
regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process does not entail a change in DNA sequence
autolysis
the complex chemical reactions that take place when a wine spends time in contact with lees after fermentation
basophil activation
The change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors.
biological pathway
set of inter-connected reactions and interactions whose delineation and scope are used as a model for exploring and studying, describing and understanding the working of and relationships between biomolecules within a context
bursting
signaling mode of neurons
Cellular infiltration
biological process
hippo signaling
series of molecular signals mediated by the serine/threonine kinase Hippo or one of its orthologs
membrane fusion
the membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane
meiotic recombination checkpoint signaling
biological process
epigenesis
process by which an organism develops through a sequence of steps in which cells differentiate and organs form
macromolecular crowding
The effect of high concentrations of macromolecules in living cells
microtubule nucleation
The process in which tubulin alpha-beta heterodimers begin aggregation to form an oligomeric tubulin structure (a microtubule seed). Microtubule nucleation is the initiating step in the formation of a microtubule in the absence of any existing microt
eating behavior
specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of food, any substance (usually solid) that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue
cellular amino acid metabolic process
chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups, as carried out by individual cells
T cell activation
The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.
mitochondrial fusion
merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment
chemokinesis
response by a motile cell to a soluble chemical that involves an increase or decrease in speed (positive or negative orthokinesis) or of frequency of movement or a change in the frequency or magnitude of turning behavior (klinokinesis)
catabolic process
set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units
dedifferentiation
The process in which a specialized structure (cell, tissue or organ) loses structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions,
coagulation
the process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass
corpse decomposition
decomposition of animal corpse
cell-cell fusion
cellular process in which two or more cells combine together, producing a single cell
intercellular communication
communication (e.g. chemical or eletrical) between cells
viral replication
formation of biological viruses during the infection process in the target host cells
disease
abnormal condition negatively affecting organisms
urination
activity of emptying of the urinary bladder