function word
words with little/ambiguous lexical meaning that express grammatical relationships or specify the speaker’s attitude/mood of the speaker; e.g. articles, pronouns, adpositions, conjunctions, auxiliary verbs, interjections, particles
interrogative word
words that indicate a question is being asked, as a grammatical category
yes and no
words of affirmation (yes) and negation or contradiction (no)
syntactic expletive
word that contributes nothing to the semantic meaning of a sentence but performs a syntactic role (e.g. "it" in "it is raining")
conjunction
part of speech that connects two words, sentences, phrases, or clauses
question tag
function word forming tag questions
that
function word used in the English language for several grammatical purposes
pro-form
word or form that substitutes for another word, broader scope than pronoun
than
function word
grammatical particle
typically short and indeclinable word with a grammatical function but no clear part of speech
determiner
part of speech reflecting the reference of a noun
dummy pronoun
pronoun having no referent, only used to fulfill grammatical rules; e.g. "it" as in "it rains"