legal concept
lexeme with a specific meaning in jurisprudence
public domain
no exclusive intellectual property rights apply
voluntary association
group of people with shared interests or aims
judicial economy
principle allowing a court to refrain from ruling on one or more counts in a case to conserve judicial resources
ex parte
legal decision or proceeding during which not all parties to the dispute are present
defendant
accused party in a legal case
recklessness
legal term describing a person's state of mind when allegedly committing a criminal offence
agreement
understanding, agreement between two or more contracting persons, parties or entities
proportionality
legal term
mund
legal relationship
jus soli
right of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship
circumstantial evidence
evidence that indirectly supports a conclusion, but allows for multiple explanations
sequestration
lawfully seizing property from its owner to be possessed by the state
misdemeanor
"lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems
mutual insurance
insurance company owned entirely by its policyholders
legal force
legal term
reasonable accommodation
change to usual system, especially to benefit a person with a disability
possession
control a person intentionally exercises toward a thing in law
mandate
authority granted by a constituency to act as its representative
Judiciary of Austria
system of lawcourts in Austria
garnishment
American legal process for collecting a monetary judgment directly from a debtor's wages or assets
specification
legal concept
mistake
mutual mistake, concept in contract law
restitution
legal claim or remedy requiring a defendant to give up benefits wrongfully obtained
delinquency
Tendency to go beyond legal limits, that is, to commit crimes
revolving door
practice of government regulators being employed later by the affected industries and vice versa
communist crimes
legal regulations sanctioning communist crimes in Poland
exemption
whole or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior
letter of marque
governmental authorization of attack privateering
seisin
legal possession of and rights to a feudal fiefdom
legislative veto
feature present in several forms of government
automatic stay
automatic injunction preventing creditors from proceeding to collect during bankruptcy
safe country of origin
term in asylum law
rulemaking
process by which executive branch agencies create regulations
element
a substantive component of a criminal offence that must be proven
self-incrimination
the act of exposing oneself generally to criminal prosecution, either by interrogation or voluntarily; compelling someone to self-incriminate is outlawed in many legal systems
defeasance
instrument which defeats the force or operation of some other deed or estate
legal nullity
entity that lacks legal significance through the absence of any identity or distinct structure of its own
legislative process
formal process leading to the approval of a law
encumbrance
Type of third party interest in property
antecedent
legal concept