caliphate
Islamic form of government
Ottoman Empire
multiethnic empire with the monarchs from the Ottoman dynasty (1299–1922)
Islamic State
Salafi jihadist militant Sunni Islamist group
Fatimid Caliphate
Shia Islamic caliphate (909–1171)
Almohad Caliphate
1121–1269 Berber empire in North Africa and Iberia
Ottoman Caliphate
The fourth and last Islamic caliphate (1517–1924)
Umayyad Caliphate
second Islamic caliphate (661–750 CE)
Abbasid Caliphate
third Islamic caliphate (750–1258)
Arab Caliphate
Caliphate established by Arab people, 632–1258