physical quantity
quantitative characterization of an aspect of a physical entity, phenomenon, event, process, transformation, relation, system, or substance
specific gas constant
quotient of the Boltzmann constant and the mass of a gas particle
direction distribution of cross section
differential quotient of the cross section for scattering a particle in a given direction and the solid angle around that direction
Effective rainfall
total rainfall minus evapotranspiration
electric field strength
vector physical quantity of electrostatics and electrodynamics
power
rate at which energy is transferred, used, or transformed
partial pressure
hypothetical pressure of gas if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature
magnetic permeability
measure of the ability of a material to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself
electric current
base quantity of the International System of Quantities (ISQ), measured in ampere (A)
net
resultant amount after accounting for the sum or difference of two or more variables
orbital period
time taken for a given object to make one complete orbit around another object, and applies in astronomy to mostly either planets or asteroids orbiting the Sun, moons orbiting planets, exoplanets orbiting other stars, or binary stars
coefficient of thermal expansion
material property which describes how the size of an object changes with a change in temperature
albedo
ratio of reflected radiation to incident radiation
molar mass
mass per amount of substance
physical constant
physical quantity that is generally believed to be both universal in nature and constant in time
volumetric number density
count per volume
focal length
measure of how strongly an optical system converges or diverges light
orbital speed
speed at which it orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body. It can be used to refer to either the mean orbital speed, i.e. the average speed as it completes an orbit, or the speed at a particular point in its orbit
information entropy
expected value of the amount of information delivered by a message
mechanical stress
physical quantity that expresses internal forces in a continuous material
solid angle
measure of a subtended portion of a sphere, used to describe the apparent size of items in a three-dimensional field of view
density of states
system describes the number of states per interval of energy at each energy level available to be occupied
permeability
measure of the ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it
Gibbs free energy
type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems
transmitter power output
power of a transmitter in watts or dBm
electric flux density
vector field related to displacement current and flux density
activity density
activity per volume of a radioactive sample
climate sensitivity
measurement of how much temperature will rise given an increase in CO2
normal force
force exerted on an object by a body with which it is in contact, and vice versa
standard gravitational parameter
product GM of the gravitational constant G and the mass M of the body
therapeutic index
comparison of the amount of a drug that has a therapeutic effect to the amount that is toxic
degree of polymerization
number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer
chemical potential
intensive physical property
specific weight
weight per volume of a material
mean free path
average distance travelled by a moving particle between successive impacts
surface-area-to-volume ratio
relation between the surface area and the volume of an object
electric potential energy
potential energy that results from conservative Coulomb forces
turbidity
cloudiness of a fluid
luminous energy
scalar physical quantity
mobility
quotient of the mean drift speed of a charged particle caused by an electric field in a medium and the electric field strength
global warming potential
estimate of how an atmospheric gas affects global climate change
multiplicity
statistical weight of a quantum level
electrolytic conductivity
measure of the ability of a solution containing electrolytes to conduct electricity
radius of gyration
distance from center of mass to axis of rotation
neutron number
number of neutrons in a nuclide
polarization density
physical quantity
sound intensity
instantaneous product of sound pressure and particle velocity
cycle threshold
a theoretical value, which is used in molecular biology
hydrostatic pressure
pressure due to weight of a fluid at rest
hiding power
property of paint