feature
any characteristic used to classify a phoneme or word
grammatical form
how words may have different forms
distinctive feature
the most basic unit of phonological structure that may be analyzed in phonological theory
Q-value
a measure of the communicative utility of a human language, computed as the product of the language's centrality and its prevalence
linguistic variable
feature with variation that is referentially identical but carries social and stylistic meaning
semantic feature
basic conceptual component of meaning for any lexical item
regionalism
language trait peculiar to a certain region
grammatical category
analytical class within the grammar of a language