DNA
molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses
expressed sequence tag
short sub-sequence of a cDNA sequence
selfish DNA
genetic material that promotes its own transmission
Spacer DNA
region of non-coding DNA between genes
DNA unwinding element
initiation site for the opening of the double helix
Borg
aspect of DNA sequences
Z-DNA
left-handed double helical structure of DNA in which the helix winds to the left in a zigzag pattern
ancient DNA
DNA isolated from ancient specimens
DNA machine
assembly constructed from DNA which produces quasi-mechanical output in response to specific stimuli, pioneered by Nadrian Seeman at NYU
B-DNA
double helical structure of DNA in which the helix winds to the right, believed to predominate in cells
single-stranded DNA
class of biopolymers
environmental DNA
DNA that is collected from a variety of environmental samples such as soil, seawater, snow or even air rather than directly sampled from an individual organism
ghost DNA
DNA of an ancient, humanlike population
circulating free DNA
degraded DNA fragments circulating in bodily fluids
satellite DNA
repetitive DNA with distinct base composition observed using isopycnic centrifugation
genetic vector
DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell
triple-stranded DNA
DNA structure in which three oligonucleotides wind around each other and form a triple helix. In this structure, one strand binds to a B-form DNA double helix through Hoogsteen or reversed Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds
Transfer DNA
type of DNA in bacterial genomes
exon
any part of a gene that will encode a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene, after introns have been removed by RNA splicing
circular DNA
covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids
artificial DNA
term
repetitive DNA
patterns of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome
Linker DNA
DNA which links two nucleosomes
transcription start site
genomic location where transcription starts
complementary DNA
single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template
recombinant DNA
DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods
nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA is the DNA inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
A-DNA
right-handed double helix structure of DNA that is shorter and more compact than B-DNA
Multiple cloning site
dense cluser of restriction sites in DNA
C-DNA
double helical structure of DNA