heuristic
problem-solving method that is sufficient for quick, short-term solutions/approximations
Representativeness heuristic
tool for assisting judgement in uncertainty
scale analysis
problem-solving technique in applied mathematics using order-of-magnitude approximations
criterion of embarrassment
critical criterion for evaluating a historical account's veracity
Littlewood's three principles of real analysis
heuristics in measure theory
zero-risk bias
tendency to prefer the complete elimination of a risk in a niche when alternative options produce a greater reduction in overall risk
Elmore delay
approximation used in electrical circuits
admissible heuristic
heuristic that never overestimates the cost of reaching the goal, i.e. the cost it estimates to reach the goal is not higher than the lowest possible cost from the current point in the path
heuristic
in engineering, experience-based methods used to reduce the need for calculations
reversal test
heuristic designed to spot and eliminate status quo bias
process of elimination
logical method to identify an entity by excluding all others
Thompson sampling
heuristic for choosing actions that addresses the exploration-exploitation dilemma in the multi-armed bandit problem
word learning bias
process in early language acquisition
heuristic argument
argument based on heuristic reasoning which is practically useful but not fully rigorous
Sagan standard
statement about the burden of proof made by various writers throughout history and famously cited by Carl Sagan on the television programme Cosmos
criterion of coherence
heuristic used in textual criticism
familiarity heuristic
situation when the familiar is favored over novel places, people, or things
heuristics in judgment and decision making
simple strategies, rules or mental processes involved in making quick judgments or decisions
schema
thought or behavior pattern that organizes information (psychology & cognitive science)
back-of-the-envelope calculation
rough calculation used to find the order of value of a variable rather then the exact value