element
any one of the distinct objects that make up a set in set theory
identity element
special type of element of a set with respect to a binary operation on that set, which leaves other elements unchanged when combined with them
zero of a function
element of the domain where function's value is zero
inverse element
element with an inverse with respect to a given mathematical operation; element that can 'undo' the effect of another given element
affine combination
linear combination whose coefficients sum to 1
inner automorphism
automorphism of a group defined by conjugation of one of its elements
essential supremum
notions of infimum and supremum
outer automorphism
automorphism of a group that can not be defined by conjugation of one of its elements
primitive element
element of co-algebra on which the comultiplication acts in a certain way
Fibonacci number
integer in the infinite Fibonacci sequence
algebraic number
complex number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial in one variable with rational coefficients
fixed point
point that is left unchanged by a function
atom
an element of a partially ordered set that is not the minimum, and such that there is no element between it and the minimum
algebraic integer
complex number that solves a monic polynomial with integer coefficients
unipotent element
one plus nilpotent element
last
final, ultimate, coming after all others of its kind
exterior point
point in the exterior of a subset of a topological space
conjugate element
notion in group theory; element of a conjugacy class
element of a fiber
element which maps to a given element
point
fundamental object of geometry: locus within which we can distinguish no other locus than itself
absorbing element
special type of element of a set with respect to a binary composition operation on that set which, when composed with any element of the set, results in the absorbing element itself
node
unit connected by edges with other units in a graph, in graph theory
Cartier divisor
divisor defined via sections of sheaves
regular point
point at which a differentiable map is a submersion
primitive element
element in a lattice that is not a positive integer multiple of another element in the lattice
orthogonal matrix
real square matrix whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors
unitary matrix
complex square matrix whose inverse equals its conjugate transpose
idempotent element
element x of a ring such that x² = x
chain
homogeneous element of a chain complex; a formal linear combination of simplexes (or other generators of the chain complex)
example
thing which acts as a typical representative of a set of things
extremity
endpoint or starting point; most extreme point by a given measure
p-integrable function
function whose absolute value’s 𝑝th power’s integral is finite
commutator
notion in group theory
unit
in mathematics, an invertible element or a unit in a ring R
prime element
nonzero, non-unit element p in a commutative ring R such that, whenever p divides ab for some a and b in R, then p divides a or p divides b (or both)
zero divisor
ring element such that can be multiplied by a non-zero element to equal 0
interior point
point in the interior of a subset of a topological space
adherent point
mathematical term
multiplicative character
group homomorphism to the multiplicative group of a field
first
preceding, coming before all others of in a series or partially ordered set of elements of the same kind or having common properties; the ordinal of one; earliest
Weil divisor
formal sum of codimension-1 subvarieties
rational function
ratio of polynomial functions
generalized eigenvector
vector satisfying some of the criteria of an eigenvector
algebraic element
element of an extension field which is a root of a non-zero polynomial with coefficients in the subfield
torsion
elements of a module space sent to 0 by regular elements of a ring