reasoning
type of thought and capacity of consciously making sense of things, applying logic, and adapting or justifying practices, institutions, and beliefs based on new or existing information
abductive reasoning
form of logical inference that seeks the best conclusion that explains a set of given observations
paralogism
fallacious syllogism
Cartesian circle
potential mistake in reasoning attributed to René Descartes
systematic inventive thinking
a thinking method developed in Israel in the mid-1990s based on core idea that inventive solutions share common patterns
diagrammatic reasoning
reasoning by the mean of visual representations
critical thinking
analysis of facts, with certain levels of rigor and problem-solving abilities, to form a judgment
Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar
Applied astronomy of ancient India
analogical reasoning
a form of reasoning based on analogies
deductive reasoning
method of reasoning by which premises understood to be true produce logically certain conclusions
logical reasoning
Wikimedia list article
causal reasoning
process of identifying causality: the relationship between a cause and its effect
inductive reasoning
method of reasoning in which a body of observations is synthesized to hypothesize a general principle
The purpose of a system is what it does
systems thinking heuristic
contraposition
inference that says that a conditional statement is logically equivalent to its contrapositive
case-based reasoning
approach to solve new case on solution of similar previous case
abstraction
the formation of general ideas or concepts by extracting similarities from particular instances
syllogism
type of logical argument
estimation
process of finding an estimate, or approximation, which is a value that is usable for some purpose even if input data may be incomplete, uncertain, or unstable
commonsense reasoning
branch of artificial intelligence aiming to create AI systems with "common sense"
artificial intelligence
field of computer science that develops and studies intelligent machines; also referring to such software
speculation
process of questioning the consequences of an hypothesis if true