ecosystem
community of living organisms together with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system
restinga
distinct type of coastal tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest in eastern Brazil
lake ecosystem
type of ecosystem
campos
tropical and subtropical ecosystems in Brazil
wetland
land area that is permanently or seasonally saturated with water
jungle
an impassable dense forest (typically tropical)
montane ecosystem
ecosystem found in mountainous region
bushland
natural ecosystem in Australia
Ponderosa shrub forest
Plant community where Pinus ponderosa is common
holle
grassy ecosystem
estuary
type of marine and riverine ecosystem
freshwater ecosystem
subset of Earth's aquatic ecosystems
aquatic ecosystem
ecosystem in a body of water
Gough and Inaccessible Islands
World Heritage Site
Lomas
areas of fog-watered vegetation in the coastal desert of Peru and northern Chile
hedge
planted row of shrubs
temperate forest
type of deciduous broadleave forest
terrestrial ecosystem
ecosystem found only on landforms
sagebrush steppe
grassland ecosystem
desert
barren area of land where little precipitation occurs
savanna
mixed woodland-grassland ecosystem
paramo
high-altitude wet tundra in South America
living lab
user-centered, open innovation ecosystem integrating research and innovation in real life communities
Appalachian bogs
ecosystems in the Appalachian Mountains
Ocean surface ecosystem
Organisms on the ocean's surface
forest
dense collection of trees covering a relatively large area
Urban ecosystem
structure of civilization
whale fall
temporary ecosystem resulting from the fall of a whale carcass to the ocean floor
deep sea community
groups of organisms living deep below the sea surface
Serengeti
geographical region in Africa
understory
layer of plant life growing below the shrub layer (underbrush) formed of grasses, herbs, dwarf shrubs, mosses and lichens
fringe
ecotonal vegetation of herbs between forests / scrubs and grasslands
marine ecosystem
among the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems
fauna of Asia
native animals of Asia
Flatwoods
ecological community in the southeastern coastal plain of North America
Reference ecosystem
intact ecosystem used as a model for restoration
taiga
biome characterized by coniferous forests
steppe
ecoregion of plains grasslands without trees
kelp forest
underwater areas with a high density of kelp
closed ecological system
ecosystem that does not exchange matter with the exterior
human ecosystem
Human-dominated ecosystems of the anthropocene era
oak savannah
type of savanna—or lightly forested grassland—where oaks are the dominant trees