social structure
aggregate of patterned social arrangements in society
irreligion
absence, indifference to, or rejection of religion
Eight Banners
men grouped by blood, marriage, clan, or place of residence established by Nurhaci, in early 17th century, unifying fragmented Jurchen people into organized all Manchu families, functioned as armies in wars
social environment
setting in which people live or something happens, from a social perspective
institution
structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behaviour of a set of individuals within a given community
matriarchy
social system with female rule
organizational structure
in an organisation, defines how activities such as task allocation and supervision are directed towards the achievement of its aims
gender system
social structures that establish the number of genders and their associated roles in each society
caste classification
social stratification into castes
lineage society
social structured based on shared lineage
Four occupations
ancient Chinese occupation categories; consists of shì (gentry scholars), nóng (peasant farmers), gōng (artisans and craftsmen), and shāng (merchants and traders)
Mongols of Eight Banners
In 1620s, Mongol tribes were conquered by the Jurchens and organized into the Eight Banner Manchu system of Qing Dynasty
Manchus of Eight Banners
referring to the original Eight Banners after the creation of Mongols and Han Army Eight Banners
religious pluralism
attitude or policy regarding the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in society
social order
set or system of linked social structures, institutions, relations, customs, values and practices
social network
theoretical concept in sociology
Han Eight Banners
In 1637, after defeating the Old Han Army of Ming Dynasty, Eight Banners Han Army was organized