state function
measurable characteristic of the current state of a thermodynamic system, independent of the history of the system
temperature
physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold
characteristic state function
particular relationship between the partition function of an ensemble
volume (thermodynamics)
volume as a thermodynamic quantity; extensive parameter for describing its thermodynamic state
thermodynamic state
state of a thermodynamic system at some point in time; variables/properties comprising the state
Gibbs free energy
type of thermodynamic potential; useful for calculating reversible work in certain systems
homologous temperature
temperature of a material as a fraction of its absolute melting point
average temperature
normal daily temperature of a place
entropy
physical property of the state of a system, measure of disorder
internal energy
energy contained in a system, excluding energy due to its position as a body in external force fields or its overall motion
thermodynamic temperature
absolute measure of temperature
Helmholtz free energy
thermodynamic potential